Etiological trends, defect classification, and prosthetic rehabilitation of maxillofacial defects: A nine-year retrospective institutional analysis.
This study examined 246 patients treated for facial and jaw defects over nine years at an Indian hospital. Infections (especially fungal), injuries, and cancers were the main causes, with smoking and tobacco use being common risk factors. Removable dental prostheses were the primary treatment approach.
Relevance to India: The study documents high rates of tobacco-related maxillofacial defects in India, with 78% of patients having smoking or smokeless tobacco use as associated risk factors.